News Reporter
Chhath Puja, a vibrant and sacred festival dedicated to the Sun God, holds deep significance across Northern India, especially in states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, and parts of Nepal. Celebrated with unwavering devotion, it honors the Sun (Surya) and his wife Usha, thanking them for sustaining life on Earth and seeking their blessings for well-being and prosperity.
When is Chhath Puja Celebrated?
In 2024, Chhath Puja begins on November 7 and spans four days, aligning with the sixth day (Chhath) of the Hindu lunar month of Kartik. The festival occurs shortly after Diwali and marks a significant period when devotees observe rigorous rituals to express their gratitude to the Sun God, who is believed to provide energy, life, and health.
Why Do People Celebrate Chhath Puja?
Chhath Puja is one of India’s oldest festivals, deeply rooted in Vedic traditions and honoring natural elements. The Sun, symbolizing power and vitality, is worshipped as the ultimate source of life and health. Chhath Puja is celebrated to:
- Express gratitude for the Sun’s blessings.
- Seek the Sun God’s grace for health, prosperity, and longevity.
- Cleanse and renew the spirit through fasting, purity, and prayer.
Mythological references link Chhath Puja to revered figures like Draupadi and the Pandavas from the Mahabharata and the legendary Surya devotee Karna, adding spiritual significance to the festival.
How is Chhath Puja Celebrated?
The celebration spans four days, each with unique rituals that reflect dedication, austerity, and reverence.
1. Day 1 - Nahay Khay: The first day, known as "Nahay Khay," involves bathing in holy rivers and lakes, symbolizing purification. Devotees clean their homes, preparing for the days of fasting ahead, and consume a single meal of satvik (pure) food.
2. Day 2 - Kharna: On the second day, known as "Kharna," devotees observe a full day of fasting without water, breaking it in the evening with prasad made of rice pudding (kheer) and fruits. This marks the beginning of the 36-hour nirjala (waterless) fast, a significant show of discipline.
3. Day 3 - Sandhya Arghya (Evening Offering): The most important day, Sandhya Arghya, involves devotees gathering along riverbanks or other water bodies at sunset to offer "arghya" (water offerings) to the setting sun. Devotees sing traditional Chhath songs and perform rituals as they seek blessings for their families.
4. Day 4 - Usha Arghya (Morning Offering): On the final day, known as "Usha Arghya," devotees offer prayers to the rising sun. They stand in the water and offer arghya once more, concluding the puja. Afterward, they break their fast with family members, sharing prasad and celebrating the Sun God’s blessings.
Chhath Puja’s Unique Cultural and Environmental Significance
Chhath Puja is unique for its emphasis on simplicity, cleanliness, and community participation. Devotees often gather near rivers and ponds, where rituals are performed in harmony with nature. The festival encourages respect for natural resources, cleanliness, and environmental care, reflecting a deeply sustainable aspect.
Chhath Puja is also known for its strong community aspect, as entire villages and neighborhoods come together in celebration. The preparation of prasad, which includes items like thekua, rice, and fruits, is done with great care and shared among family, friends, and neighbors, further promoting social unity.
Chhath Puja is more than a festival; it’s an expression of devotion, discipline, and environmental respect. Rooted in ancient customs, it continues to be celebrated with immense zeal and reverence, as devotees across regions gather to honor the Sun God with enduring faith and gratitude.